Expected Economic & Social Issues (ESI) Questions for NABARD Grade A Exam | Set-21

Correct Answer – E. None of these

Explanation: Targets of Goal 14-

By 2025, prevent and significantly reduce marine pollution of all kinds, in particular from land-based activities, including marine debris and nutrient pollution. By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. Minimize and address the impacts of ocean acidification, including through enhanced scientific cooperation at all levels.

• By 2020, effectively regulate harvesting and end overfishing, illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and destructive fishing practices and implement science-based management plans, in order to restore fish stocks in the shortest time feasible, at least to levels that can produce maximum sustainable yield as determined by their biological characteristics.
• By 2020, conserve at least 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas, consistent with national and international law and based on the best available scientific information.
• By 2020, prohibit certain forms of fisheries subsidies which contribute to overcapacity and overfishing, eliminate subsidies that contribute to illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and refrain from introducing new such subsidies, recognizing that appropriate and effective special and differential treatment for developing and least developed countries should be an integral part of the World Trade Organization fisheries subsidies negotiation.
• By 2030, increase the economic benefits to Small Island developing States and least developed countries from the sustainable use of marine resources, including through sustainable management of fisheries, aquaculture and tourism.

Correct Answer – C. 2010

Explanation- The Right to Free & Compulsory Education (RTE) Act, 2009 had been enacted in 2010 that provides a justiciable legal framework entitling all children between the ages of 6-14 years free.

Correct Answer – A. HDI

Explanation- Genuine progress indicator (GPI) a national accounting measure that includes the monetary value of goods and services that contribute to well-being, such as volunteer work and higher education, and deducts impacts that detract from well-being, such as the loss of leisure time, pollution, and commuting. Green GDP a national accounting measure that deducts a monetary value from GDP or NDP to account for natural capital depreciation and other environmental damages.

Correct Answer: D. World Happiness Report

Explanation- The World Happiness Report is an annual publication of United Nations Sustainable Development Solutions Network that contains rankings of national happiness and analysis of the data from various perspectives.

Correct Answer – D. All of the above

Explanation- Prior to the British rule, handicraft in India enjoyed the worldwide reputation of excellence and quality. But the British Raj contributed to their decay. It was owing to discriminatory economic and political policies pursued by the British government.

Correct Answer – D. Shift from regular salaried employment to casual wage work

Explanation- Workforce casualisation is the process which employment shifts from a preponderance of full-time and permanent positions to casual and contract positions.Workforce casualisation is the process which employment shifts from a preponderance of full-time and permanent positions to casual and contract positions. Between 2004-05 and 2009-10, the number of casual workers grew by 21.9 million, while growth in the number of regular workers nearly halved (compared with the period between 1999-2000 and 2004-05) to 5.8 million; the number of the self-employed, dominated by agricultural workers, declined by 25.1 million. Analysts say that this is being caused by the country ‘s archaic labour laws and by the partly exclusive nature of economic growth.

Correct Answer – D. Increasing GDP along with high unemployment

Explanation-In a jobless growth economy, unemployment remains stubbornly high even as the economy grows. This tends to happen when a relatively large number of people have lost their jobs and the ensuing recovery is insufficient to absorb the unemployed, under-employed and new members entering the work force. There was a disheartening development in the laten1990s: employment growth started declining and reached the level of growth that India had in the early stages of planning. During these years, we also find a widening gap between the growth of GDP and employment. This means that in the Indian economy, without generating employment, we have been able to produce more goods and services. Scholars refer to this phenomenon as jobless growth.

Correct Answer – C. 17%

Explanation- At the time of independence in India’s GDP the contribution of industry is about 17%.

Correct Answer – A. Goal Approach

Explanation- Goal Approach is not the approach to the Industrial Relations. The goal approach views effectiveness in terms of internal organizational objectives and performance. It determines the degree to which an organization is achieving its goals or purposes.

Correct Answer – A. State Government

Explanation-  Agricultural Produce Market Committee (APMC) is a statutory market committee constituted by a State Government in respect of trade in certain notified agricultural or horticultural or livestock products, under the Agricultural Produce Market Committee Act issued by that state government.